Chapter 55 Review: Ecosystems


  1. The main processes in the water cycle include the following EXCEPT:
    1. evaporation
    2. condensation
    3. precipitation
    4. transpiration
    5. crystallization
  2. Fungi serve as ________ in a food web.
    1. primary producers
    2. secondary producers
    3. detritivores
    4. secondary consumers
    5. tertiary consumers
  3. Nitrogen is a component of
    1. amino acids and nucleic acids.
    2. sugars and lipids.
    3. proteins and fats.
    4. carbohydrates and polysaccharides.
    5. oils and triglycerides.
  4. 10,000 J of producer can support about ________ J of tertiary consumer.
    1. 100,000
    2. 1,000
    3. 100
    4. 10
    5. 1
  5. The pyramid of ________ may sometimes be inverted due to rapid turnover of producers.
    1. production
    2. reproduction
    3. biomass
    4. numbers
    5. tropics
  6. Nutrients that cycle between organic and inorganic reservoirs of ecosystems include the folloiwng EXCEPT
    1. water.
    2. carbon.
    3. nitrogen.
    4. phosphorus.
    5. energy.
  7. Deforestation can lead to loss of ________ from the soil, as shown in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest.
    1. phosphorous
    2. sulfur
    3. nitrogen
    4. carbon
    5. oxygen
  8. Excessive nitrogen in aquatic ecosystems can cause explosive algal growth called
    1. oligotrophication.
    2. eutrophication.
    3. algalfication.
    4. nitrification.
    5. denitrification.
  9. The high levels of pesticides found in birds of prey is an example of
    1. eutrophication.
    2. transpiration.
    3. biological magnification.
    4. seasonal turnover.
    5. nitrate poisoning.
  10. To replace minerals lost in harvested plants, farmers apply fertilizers usually enriched with
    1. nitrogen.
    2. carbon.
    3. calcium.
    4. phosphorus.
    5. sulfur.